The Piltdown Men were an American instrumental rock band from Hollywood, California, active in the early 1960s. Named after the notorious Piltdown Man hoax, the group was a studio project of Capitol Records' producer, Nick Venet, and featured a lineup of session musicians, including saxophonists Jackie Kelso and Plas Johnson. They are best known for their distinctive saxophone-driven sound, combining elements of surf rock and R&B, which produced hit singles like "Brontosaurus Stomp" and "Piltdown Rides Again". Despite their short-lived career, The Piltdown Men made a notable contribution to the instrumental rock genre of the period.